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IPsec VPN Server Auto Setup Scripts

Read this in other languages: English, 简体中文.

These scripts will let you set up your own IPsec VPN server, with IPsec/L2TP and Cisco IPsec on Ubuntu, Debian & CentOS. All you need to do is provide your own VPN credentials, and the scripts will handle the rest.

We will use Libreswan as the IPsec server, and xl2tpd as the L2TP provider.

Features
Requirements
Installation
- Ubuntu & Debian
- CentOS & RHEL
Next Steps
Important Notes
Manage VPN Users
Upgrading Libreswan
Bugs & Questions
See Also
Author
License

Features

NEW: The faster IPsec/XAuth ("Cisco IPsec") mode is now supported
NEW: A pre-built Docker image of the VPN server is now available
Fully automated IPsec VPN server setup, no user input needed
Encapsulates all VPN traffic in UDP - does not need ESP protocol
Can be directly used as "user-data" for a new Amazon EC2 instance
Automatically determines public IP and private IP of server
Includes basic IPTables rules and sysctl.conf settings
Tested with Ubuntu 16.04/14.04/12.04, Debian 8 and CentOS 6 & 7

Requirements

A newly created Amazon EC2 instance, using these AMIs: (See instructions)

-OR-

A dedicated server or KVM/Xen-based Virtual Private Server (VPS), freshly installed with one of the above OS. In addition, Debian 7 (Wheezy) can also be used after applying this workaround. OpenVZ VPS users should instead try OpenVPN.

» I want to run my own VPN but don't have a server for that

⚠️ DO NOT run these scripts on your PC or Mac! They should only be used on a server!

Installation

Ubuntu & Debian

First, update your system with apt-get update && apt-get dist-upgrade and reboot. This is optional, but recommended.

Option 1: Have the script generate random VPN credentials for you (will be displayed on the screen):

wget https://git.io/vpnsetup -O vpnsetup.sh && sudo sh vpnsetup.sh

Option 2: Enter your own VPN credentials, or define them as environment variables:

wget https://git.io/vpnsetup -O vpnsetup.sh
nano -w vpnsetup.sh
[Replace with your own values: VPN_IPSEC_PSK, VPN_USER and VPN_PASSWORD]
sudo sh vpnsetup.sh

CentOS & RHEL

First, update your system with yum update and reboot. This is optional, but recommended.

Option 1: Have the script generate random VPN credentials for you (will be displayed on the screen):

wget https://git.io/vpnsetup-centos -O vpnsetup_centos.sh && sudo sh vpnsetup_centos.sh

Option 2: Enter your own VPN credentials, or define them as environment variables:

wget https://git.io/vpnsetup-centos -O vpnsetup_centos.sh
nano -w vpnsetup_centos.sh
[Replace with your own values: VPN_IPSEC_PSK, VPN_USER and VPN_PASSWORD]
sudo sh vpnsetup_centos.sh

If unable to download via wget, you may alternatively open vpnsetup.sh (or vpnsetup_centos.sh) and click the Raw button. Press Ctrl-A to select all, Ctrl-C to copy, then paste into your favorite editor.

Next Steps

Get your computer or device to use the VPN. Please see: Configure IPsec/L2TP VPN Clients.

NEW: The faster "Cisco IPsec" mode is also supported: Configure IPsec/XAuth VPN Clients.

Enjoy your very own VPN! ✨🎉🚀✨

Important Notes

For Windows users, a one-time registry change is required if the VPN server and/or client is behind NAT (e.g. home router). Also, if you see Error 628, go to the "Security" tab of VPN connection properties, enable CHAP and disable MS-CHAP v2.

Android 6 (Marshmallow) users： Please see notes in Configure IPsec/L2TP VPN Clients.

Clients are set to use Google Public DNS when the VPN is active. If another DNS provider is preferred, replace 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4 in both options.xl2tpd and ipsec.conf with new ones. Then reboot your server.

For servers with a custom SSH port (not 22) or other services, edit the IPTables rules before using.

The scripts will backup existing config files before making changes, with .old-date-time suffix.

Manage VPN Users

By default, a single user account for VPN login is created. If you wish to add, edit or remove users, read this section.

First, the IPsec PSK (pre-shared key) is stored in /etc/ipsec.secrets. To change to a new PSK, just edit this file.

<VPN Server IP>  %any  : PSK "<VPN IPsec PSK>"

For IPsec/L2TP, VPN users are specified in /etc/ppp/chap-secrets. The format of this file is:

"<VPN User 1>"  l2tpd  "<VPN Password 1>"  *
"<VPN User 2>"  l2tpd  "<VPN Password 2>"  *
... ...

You can add more users, use one line for each user. DO NOT use these characters within values: \ " '

For IPsec/XAuth ("Cisco IPsec"), VPN users are specified in /etc/ipsec.d/passwd. The format of this file is:

<VPN User 1>:<VPN Password 1 (hashed)>:xauth-psk
<VPN User 2>:<VPN Password 2 (hashed)>:xauth-psk
... ...

Passwords in this file are salted and hashed. This step can be done using e.g. the openssl utility:

# The output will be <VPN Password 1 (hashed)>
openssl passwd -1 "<VPN Password 1>"

When finished making changes, reboot your server.

Upgrading Libreswan

The additional scripts vpnupgrade_Libreswan.sh and vpnupgrade_Libreswan_centos.sh can be used to upgrade Libreswan. Check the official website and update the swan_ver variable as necessary.

Bugs & Questions

Got a question? Please first search other people's comments in this GitHub Gist and on my blog.
Ask Libreswan (IPsec) related questions on the mailing list, or read these articles: [1] [2] [3] [4] [5].
If you found a reproducible bug, open a GitHub Issue to submit a bug report.

Author

Lin Song

Final year U.S. PhD candidate, majoring in Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE)
Actively seeking opportunities in areas such as Software or Systems Engineering
Contact me on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/linsongui

A special thanks to all contributors of this project!

License

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License
Attribution required: please include my name in any derivative and let me know how you have improved it!

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