149 lines
5.2 KiB
Markdown
149 lines
5.2 KiB
Markdown
# Manage VPN Users
|
|
|
|
*Read this in other languages: [English](manage-users.md), [简体中文](manage-users-zh.md).*
|
|
|
|
By default, a single user account for VPN login is created. If you wish to view or manage users for the IPsec/L2TP and IPsec/XAuth ("Cisco IPsec") modes, read this document. For IKEv2, see [Manage client certificates](ikev2-howto.md#manage-client-certificates).
|
|
|
|
* [View or update the IPsec PSK](#view-or-update-the-ipsec-psk)
|
|
* [View VPN users](#view-vpn-users)
|
|
* [Manage VPN users using helper scripts](#manage-vpn-users-using-helper-scripts)
|
|
* [Manually manage VPN users](#manually-manage-vpn-users)
|
|
|
|
## View or update the IPsec PSK
|
|
|
|
The IPsec PSK (pre-shared key) is stored in `/etc/ipsec.secrets`. All VPN users will share the same IPsec PSK. The format of this file is:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
%any %any : PSK "your_ipsec_pre_shared_key"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
To change to a new PSK, just edit this file. DO NOT use these special characters within values: `\ " '`
|
|
|
|
You must restart services when finished:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
service ipsec restart
|
|
service xl2tpd restart
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## View VPN users
|
|
|
|
By default, the VPN setup scripts will create the same VPN user for both IPsec/L2TP and IPsec/XAuth ("Cisco IPsec") modes.
|
|
|
|
For IPsec/L2TP, VPN users are specified in `/etc/ppp/chap-secrets`. The format of this file is:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
"username1" l2tpd "password1" *
|
|
"username2" l2tpd "password2" *
|
|
... ...
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
For IPsec/XAuth ("Cisco IPsec"), VPN users are specified in `/etc/ipsec.d/passwd`. Passwords in this file are salted and hashed. See [Manually manage VPN users](#manually-manage-vpn-users) for more details.
|
|
|
|
## Manage VPN users using helper scripts
|
|
|
|
You may use these scripts to more easily manage VPN users: [add_vpn_user.sh](../extras/add_vpn_user.sh), [del_vpn_user.sh](../extras/del_vpn_user.sh) and [update_vpn_users.sh](../extras/update_vpn_users.sh). They will update users for both IPsec/L2TP and IPsec/XAuth ("Cisco IPsec"). Replace command parameters below with your own values. For IKEv2, see [Manage client certificates](ikev2-howto.md#manage-client-certificates).
|
|
|
|
**Note:** VPN users are stored in `/etc/ppp/chap-secrets` and `/etc/ipsec.d/passwd`. The scripts will backup these files before making changes, with `.old-date-time` suffix.
|
|
|
|
### Add or edit a VPN user
|
|
|
|
Add a new VPN user, or update an existing VPN user with a new password.
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
# Download the script
|
|
wget -O add_vpn_user.sh https://bit.ly/addvpnuser
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
# All values MUST be placed inside 'single quotes'
|
|
# DO NOT use these special characters within values: \ " '
|
|
sudo sh add_vpn_user.sh 'username_to_add' 'password'
|
|
# OR
|
|
sudo sh add_vpn_user.sh 'username_to_update' 'new_password'
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Delete a VPN user
|
|
|
|
Delete the specified VPN user.
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
# Download the script
|
|
wget -O del_vpn_user.sh https://bit.ly/delvpnuser
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
# All values MUST be placed inside 'single quotes'
|
|
# DO NOT use these special characters within values: \ " '
|
|
sudo sh del_vpn_user.sh 'username_to_delete'
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Update all VPN users
|
|
|
|
Remove all existing VPN users and replace with the list of users you specify.
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
# Download the script
|
|
wget -O update_vpn_users.sh https://bit.ly/updatevpnusers
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
To use this script, choose one of the following options:
|
|
|
|
**Important:** This script will remove **ALL** existing VPN users and replace them with the list of users you specify. Therefore, you must include any existing user(s) you want to keep in the variables below.
|
|
|
|
**Option 1:** Edit the script and enter VPN user details:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
nano -w update_vpn_users.sh
|
|
[Replace with your own values: YOUR_USERNAMES and YOUR_PASSWORDS]
|
|
sudo sh update_vpn_users.sh
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
**Option 2:** Define VPN user details as environment variables:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
# List of VPN usernames and passwords, separated by spaces
|
|
# All values MUST be placed inside 'single quotes'
|
|
# DO NOT use these special characters within values: \ " '
|
|
sudo \
|
|
VPN_USERS='username1 username2 ...' \
|
|
VPN_PASSWORDS='password1 password2 ...' \
|
|
sh update_vpn_users.sh
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Manually manage VPN users
|
|
|
|
For IPsec/L2TP, VPN users are specified in `/etc/ppp/chap-secrets`. The format of this file is:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
"username1" l2tpd "password1" *
|
|
"username2" l2tpd "password2" *
|
|
... ...
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
You can add more users, use one line for each user. DO NOT use these special characters within values: `\ " '`
|
|
|
|
For IPsec/XAuth ("Cisco IPsec"), VPN users are specified in `/etc/ipsec.d/passwd`. The format of this file is:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
username1:password1hashed:xauth-psk
|
|
username2:password2hashed:xauth-psk
|
|
... ...
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Passwords in this file are salted and hashed. This step can be done using e.g. the `openssl` utility:
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
# The output will be password1hashed
|
|
# Put your password inside 'single quotes'
|
|
openssl passwd -1 'password1'
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## License
|
|
|
|
Copyright (C) 2016-2021 [Lin Song](https://github.com/hwdsl2) [](https://www.linkedin.com/in/linsongui)
|
|
|
|
[](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/)
|
|
This work is licensed under the [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/)
|
|
Attribution required: please include my name in any derivative and let me know how you have improved it!
|