## Configure IPsec/L2TP VPN Clients
*Read this in other languages: [English](clients.md), [简体中文](clients-zh.md).*
*To connect using IPsec/XAuth mode, see: [Configure IPsec/XAuth VPN Clients](clients-xauth.md)*
After setting up your own VPN server, follow these steps to configure your devices. IPsec/L2TP is natively supported by Android, iOS, OS X, and Windows. There is no additional software to install. Setup should only take a few minutes. In case you are unable to connect, first check to make sure the VPN credentials were entered correctly.
You may also refer to this alternative setup guide with images by Tony Tran.
---
* Platforms
* [Windows](#windows)
* [OS X (macOS)](#os-x)
* [Android](#android)
* [iOS (iPhone/iPad)](#ios)
* [Chromebook](#chromebook)
* [Linux](#linux)
### Windows ###
**Windows 10 and 8.x:**
1. Right-click on the wireless/network icon in your system tray.
1. Select **Open Network and Sharing Center**.
1. Click **Set up a new connection or network**.
1. Select **Connect to a workplace** and click **Next**.
1. Click **Use my Internet connection (VPN)**.
1. Enter `Your VPN Server IP` in the **Internet address** field.
1. Enter anything you like in the **Destination name** field, and then click **Create**.
1. Return to **Network and Sharing Center**. On the left, click **Change adapter settings**.
1. Right-click on the new VPN entry and choose **Properties**.
1. Click the **Security** tab. Select "Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol with IPsec (L2TP/IPSec)" for the **Type of VPN**.
1. Click **Allow these protocols**. Check "Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP)" and uncheck all others.
1. Click the **Advanced settings** button.
1. Select **Use preshared key for authentication** and enter `Your VPN IPsec PSK` for the **Key**.
1. Click **OK** to close the **Advanced settings**.
1. Click **OK** to save the VPN connection details.
**Note:** A one-time registry change is required before connecting. See notes below.
**Windows 7, Vista and XP:**
1. Click on the Start Menu and go to the Control Panel.
1. Go to the **Network and Internet** section.
1. Click **Network and Sharing Center**.
1. Click **Set up a new connection or network**.
1. Select **Connect to a workplace** and click **Next**.
1. Click **Use my Internet connection (VPN)**.
1. Enter `Your VPN Server IP` in the **Internet address** field.
1. Enter anything you like in the **Destination name** field.
1. Check the **Don't connect now; just set it up so I can connect later** checkbox.
1. Click **Next**.
1. Enter `Your VPN Username` in the **User name** field.
1. Enter `Your VPN Password` in the **Password** field.
1. Check the **Remember this password** checkbox.
1. Click **Create**, and then **Close**.
1. Return to **Network and Sharing Center**. On the left, click **Change adapter settings**.
1. Right-click on the new VPN entry and choose **Properties**.
1. Click the **Options** tab and uncheck **Include Windows logon domain**.
1. Click the **Security** tab. Select "Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol with IPsec (L2TP/IPSec)" for the **Type of VPN**.
1. Click **Allow these protocols**. Check "Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP)" and uncheck all others.
1. Click the **Advanced settings** button.
1. Select **Use preshared key for authentication** and enter `Your VPN IPsec PSK` for the **Key**.
1. Click **OK** to close the **Advanced settings**.
1. Click **OK** to save the VPN connection details.
To connect to the VPN: Click on the wireless/network icon in your system tray, select the new VPN entry, and click **Connect**. If prompted, enter `Your VPN Username` and `Password`, then click **OK**. You can verify that your traffic is being routed properly by looking up your IP address on Google. It should say "Your public IP address is `Your VPN Server IP`".
If you get an error when trying to connect, see Troubleshooting.
**Note:** This one-time registry change is required if the VPN server and/or client is behind NAT (e.g. home router). Refer to the linked web page, or run the following from an elevated command prompt. You must reboot your computer when finished.
- For Windows Vista, 7, 8 and 10
```console
REG ADD HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\PolicyAgent /v AssumeUDPEncapsulationContextOnSendRule /t REG_DWORD /d 0x2 /f
```
- For Windows XP ONLY
```console
REG ADD HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\IPSec /v AssumeUDPEncapsulationContextOnSendRule /t REG_DWORD /d 0x2 /f
```
### OS X ###
1. Open System Preferences and go to the Network section.
1. Click the **+** button in the lower-left corner of the window.
1. Select **VPN** from the **Interface** drop-down menu.
1. Select **L2TP over IPSec** from the **VPN Type** drop-down menu.
1. Enter anything you like for the **Service Name**.
1. Click **Create**.
1. Enter `Your VPN Server IP` for the **Server Address**.
1. Enter `Your VPN Username` for the **Account Name**.
1. Click the **Authentication Settings** button.
1. In the **User Authentication** section, select the **Password** radio button and enter `Your VPN Password`.
1. In the **Machine Authentication** section, select the **Shared Secret** radio button and enter `Your VPN IPsec PSK`.
1. Click **OK**.
1. Check the **Show VPN status in menu bar** checkbox.
1. Click the **Advanced** button and make sure the **Send all traffic over VPN connection** checkbox is checked.
1. Click the **TCP/IP** tab, and make sure **Link-local only** is selected in the **Configure IPv6** section.
1. Click **OK** to close the Advanced settings, and then click **Apply** to save the VPN connection information.
To connect to the VPN: Use the menu bar icon, or go to the Network section of System Preferences, select the VPN and choose **Connect**. You can verify that your traffic is being routed properly by looking up your IP address on Google. It should say "Your public IP address is `Your VPN Server IP`".
### Android ###
1. Launch the **Settings** application.
1. Tap **More...** in the **Wireless & Networks** section.
1. Tap **VPN**.
1. Tap **Add VPN Profile** or the **+** icon at top-right of screen.
1. Enter anything you like in the **Name** field.
1. Select **L2TP/IPSec PSK** in the **Type** drop-down menu.
1. Enter `Your VPN Server IP` in the **Server address** field.
1. Enter `Your VPN IPsec PSK` in the **IPSec pre-shared key** field.
1. Tap **Save**.
1. Tap the new VPN connection.
1. Enter `Your VPN Username` in the **Username** field.
1. Enter `Your VPN Password` in the **Password** field.
1. Check the **Save account information** checkbox.
1. Tap **Connect**.
**Note:** Android 6 (Marshmallow) users should edit `/etc/ipsec.conf` on the VPN server and append `,aes256-sha2_256` to both `ike=` and `phase2alg=` lines. Then add a new line `sha2-truncbug=yes` immediately after those. Indent lines with two spaces. When finished, run `service ipsec restart`. (Reference)
Once connected, you will see a VPN icon in the notification bar. You can verify that your traffic is being routed properly by looking up your IP address on Google. It should say "Your public IP address is `Your VPN Server IP`".
### iOS ###
1. Go to Settings -> General -> VPN.
1. Tap **Add VPN Configuration...**.
1. Tap **Type**. Select **L2TP** and go back.
1. Tap **Description** and enter anything you like.
1. Tap **Server** and enter `Your VPN Server IP`.
1. Tap **Account** and enter `Your VPN Username`.
1. Tap **Password** and enter `Your VPN Password`.
1. Tap **Secret** and enter `Your VPN IPsec PSK`.
1. Make sure the **Send All Traffic** switch is ON.
1. Tap **Done**.
1. Slide the **VPN** switch ON.
Once connected, you will see a VPN icon in the status bar. You can verify that your traffic is being routed properly by looking up your IP address on Google. It should say "Your public IP address is `Your VPN Server IP`".
### Chromebook ###
1. If you haven't already, sign in to your Chromebook.
1. Click the status area, where your account picture appears.
1. Click **Settings**.
1. In the **Internet connection** section, click **Add connection**.
1. Click **Add OpenVPN / L2TP**.
1. Enter `Your VPN Server IP` for the **Server hostname**.
1. Enter anything you like for the **Service name**.
1. Make sure **Provider type** is **L2TP/IPSec + pre-shared key**.
1. Enter `Your VPN IPsec PSK` for the **Pre-shared key**.
1. Enter `Your VPN Username` for the **Username**.
1. Enter `Your VPN Password` for the **Password**.
1. Click **Connect**.
Once connected, you will see a VPN icon overlay on the network status icon. You can verify that your traffic is being routed properly by looking up your IP address on Google. It should say "Your public IP address is `Your VPN Server IP`".
### Linux ###
**Ubuntu and Debian:**
Follow the steps in this tutorial. Some corrections are required:
1. In `xl2tpd.conf`, remove the line `# your vpn server goes here`.
1. In `options.l2tpd.client`, replace `require-mschap-v2` with `require-chap`.
1. Replace the last command `sudo route add -net default gw ` with:
```
sudo route add default dev ppp0
```
If there is an error, check the output of `ifconfig` and replace `ppp0` above with `ppp1`, etc.
Verify that your traffic is being routed properly:
```
wget -qO- http://whatismyip.akamai.com; echo
```
The above command should return `Your VPN Server IP`.
To stop routing traffic via the VPN server:
```
sudo route del default dev ppp0
```
**CentOS and Fedora:**
Refer to the Ubuntu/Debian section above, with these changes:
1. Use `yum` instead of `apt-get` to install packages.
1. In these systems, the `ipsec` command has been renamed to `strongswan`.
1. The files `ipsec.conf` and `ipsec.secrets` should be saved under `/etc/strongswan`.
**Other Linux:**
If your system provides the `strongswan` package, refer to the two sections above.
## Troubleshooting
### Windows Error 809
> The network connection between your computer and the VPN server could not be established because the remote server is not responding.
To fix this error, follow the steps above to add a registry key and reboot your computer.
### Windows Error 628
> The connection was terminated by the remote computer before it could be completed.
To fix this error, please follow these steps:
1. Right-click on the wireless/network icon in system tray, select **Open Network and Sharing Center**.
1. On the left, click **Change adapter settings**. Right-click on the new VPN and choose **Properties**.
1. Click the **Security** tab. Select "Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol with IPsec (L2TP/IPSec)" for **Type of VPN**.
1. Click **Allow these protocols**. Check "Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP)" and uncheck all others.
1. Click **OK** to save the VPN connection details.
### Other Errors
Please refer to this document for more troubleshooting tips.
## Credits
This document was adapted from the Streisand project by Joshua Lund and contributors.
## License
Copyright (C) 2016 Lin Song
Based on the work of Joshua Lund (Copyright 2014-2016)
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.