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@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ wget https://git.io/vpnquickstart -O vpn.sh && sudo sh vpn.sh
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一个专用服务器或者虚拟专用服务器 (VPS),全新安装以下操作系统之一:
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- Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal) 或者 18.04 (Bionic)
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- Debian 10 (Buster)[\*](#debian-10-note) 或者 9 (Stretch)
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- Debian 11 (Bullseye)[\*](#debian-10-note), 10 (Buster)[\*](#debian-10-note) 或者 9 (Stretch)
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- CentOS 8[\*\*](#centos-8-note) 或者 7
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- Rocky Linux 8
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- AlmaLinux OS 8
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@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ wget https://git.io/vpnquickstart -O vpn.sh && sudo sh vpn.sh
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另外,你也可以使用预构建的 [Docker 镜像](https://github.com/hwdsl2/docker-ipsec-vpn-server/blob/master/README-zh.md)。高级用户可以在一个 [Raspberry Pi](https://www.raspberrypi.org) 上搭建 VPN 服务器。[[1]](https://elasticbyte.net/posts/setting-up-a-native-cisco-ipsec-vpn-server-using-a-raspberry-pi/) [[2]](https://www.stewright.me/2018/07/create-a-raspberry-pi-vpn-server-using-l2tpipsec/)
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<a name="debian-10-note"></a>
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\* Debian 10 用户需要 [使用标准的 Linux 内核](docs/clients-zh.md#debian-10-内核)。
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\* Debian 11 或者 10 用户需要 [使用标准的 Linux 内核](docs/clients-zh.md#debian-10-内核)。
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<a name="centos-8-note"></a>
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\*\* CentOS Linux 8 的支持将于 2021 年 12 月 31 日 [结束](https://wiki.centos.org/About/Product)。
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@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ A pre-built [Docker image](https://github.com/hwdsl2/docker-ipsec-vpn-server) is
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A dedicated server or virtual private server (VPS), freshly installed with one of the following OS:
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- Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal) or 18.04 (Bionic)
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- Debian 10 (Buster)[\*](#debian-10-note) or 9 (Stretch)
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- Debian 11 (Bullseye)[\*](#debian-10-note), 10 (Buster)[\*](#debian-10-note) or 9 (Stretch)
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- CentOS 8[\*\*](#centos-8-note) or 7
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- Rocky Linux 8
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- AlmaLinux OS 8
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@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ This also includes Linux VMs in public clouds, such as [DigitalOcean](https://bl
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A pre-built [Docker image](https://github.com/hwdsl2/docker-ipsec-vpn-server) is also available. Advanced users can set up the VPN server on a [Raspberry Pi](https://www.raspberrypi.org). [[1]](https://elasticbyte.net/posts/setting-up-a-native-cisco-ipsec-vpn-server-using-a-raspberry-pi/) [[2]](https://www.stewright.me/2018/07/create-a-raspberry-pi-vpn-server-using-l2tpipsec/)
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<a name="debian-10-note"></a>
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\* Debian 10 users should [use the standard Linux kernel](docs/clients.md#debian-10-kernel).
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\* Debian 11 or 10 users should [use the standard Linux kernel](docs/clients.md#debian-10-kernel).
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<a name="centos-8-note"></a>
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\*\* Support for CentOS Linux 8 [will end](https://wiki.centos.org/About/Product) on December 31, 2021.
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@ -364,11 +364,11 @@ Android 设备在进入睡眠模式不久后也会断开 Wi-Fi 连接,如果
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### Debian 10 内核
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Debian 10 用户:运行 `uname -r` 以检查你的服务器的 Linux 内核版本。如果它包含 `cloud` 字样,并且 `/dev/ppp` 不存在,则该内核缺少 `ppp` 支持从而不能使用 IPsec/L2TP 模式。VPN 安装脚本会尝试检测此情形,并显示错误。
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Debian 11 或者 10 用户:运行 `uname -r` 以检查你的服务器的 Linux 内核版本。如果它包含 `cloud` 字样,并且 `/dev/ppp` 不存在,则该内核缺少 `ppp` 支持从而不能使用 IPsec/L2TP 模式。VPN 安装脚本会尝试检测此情形,并显示错误。
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要解决此问题,你可以换用标准的 Linux 内核,通过安装比如 `linux-image-amd64` 软件包来实现。然后更新 GRUB 的内核默认值并重启服务器。最后重新运行 VPN 安装脚本。
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如果在 [Amazon EC2](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/) 上使用 Debian 10,你必须首先换用标准的 Linux 内核,然后运行 VPN 安装脚本。
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如果在 [Amazon EC2](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/) 上使用 Debian 11 或者 10,你必须首先换用标准的 Linux 内核,然后运行 VPN 安装脚本。
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### 其它错误
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@ -363,11 +363,11 @@ Android devices will also disconnect Wi-Fi shortly after entering sleep mode, un
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### Debian 10 kernel
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Debian 10 users: Run `uname -r` to check your server's Linux kernel version. If it contains the word "cloud", and `/dev/ppp` is missing, then the kernel lacks `ppp` support and cannot use IPsec/L2TP mode. The VPN setup scripts try to detect this and show an error.
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Debian 11 or 10 users: Run `uname -r` to check your server's Linux kernel version. If it contains the word "cloud", and `/dev/ppp` is missing, then the kernel lacks `ppp` support and cannot use IPsec/L2TP mode. The VPN setup scripts try to detect this and show an error.
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To fix, you may switch to the standard Linux kernel by installing e.g. the `linux-image-amd64` package. Then update the default kernel in GRUB and reboot your server. Finally, re-run the VPN setup script.
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To fix this issue, you may switch to the standard Linux kernel by installing e.g. the `linux-image-amd64` package. Then update the default kernel in GRUB and reboot your server. Finally, re-run the VPN setup script.
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If using Debian 10 on [Amazon EC2](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/), you must first switch to the standard Linux kernel before running the VPN setup script.
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If using Debian 11 or 10 on [Amazon EC2](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/), you must first switch to the standard Linux kernel before running the VPN setup script.
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### Other errors
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