/*
 * OpenSeadragon - TileSource
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2009 CodePlex Foundation
 * Copyright (C) 2010-2013 OpenSeadragon contributors
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
 * met:
 *
 * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 *   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * - Neither the name of CodePlex Foundation nor the names of its
 *   contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 *   this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 * TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

(function( $ ){


/**
 * The TileSource contains the most basic implementation required to create a
 * smooth transition between layer in an image pyramid. It has only a single key
 * interface that must be implemented to complete it key functionality:
 * 'getTileUrl'.  It also has several optional interfaces that can be
 * implemented if a new TileSource wishes to support configuration via a simple
 * object or array ('configure') and if the tile source supports or requires
 * configuration via retreival of a document on the network ala AJAX or JSONP,
 * ('getImageInfo').
 * <br/>
 * By default the image pyramid is split into N layers where the images longest
 * side in M (in pixels), where N is the smallest integer which satisfies
 *      <strong>2^(N+1) >= M</strong>.
 * @class TileSource
 * @memberof OpenSeadragon
 * @extends OpenSeadragon.EventSource
 * @param {Number|Object|Array|String} width
 *      If more than a single argument is supplied, the traditional use of
 *      positional parameters is supplied and width is expected to be the width
 *      source image at it's max resolution in pixels.  If a single argument is supplied and
 *      it is an Object or Array, the construction is assumed to occur through
 *      the extending classes implementation of 'configure'.  Finally if only a
 *      single argument is supplied and it is a String, the extending class is
 *      expected to implement 'getImageInfo' and 'configure'.
 * @param {Number} height
 *      Width of the source image at max resolution in pixels.
 * @param {Number} tileSize
 *      The size of the tiles to assumed to make up each pyramid layer in pixels.
 *      Tile size determines the point at which the image pyramid must be
 *      divided into a matrix of smaller images.
 * @param {Number} tileOverlap
 *      The number of pixels each tile is expected to overlap touching tiles.
 * @param {Number} minLevel
 *      The minimum level to attempt to load.
 * @param {Number} maxLevel
 *      The maximum level to attempt to load.
 * @property {Number} aspectRatio
 *      Ratio of width to height
 * @property {OpenSeadragon.Point} dimensions
 *      Vector storing x and y dimensions ( width and height respectively ).
 * @property {Number} tileSize
 *      The size of the image tiles used to compose the image.
 * @property {Number} tileOverlap
 *      The overlap in pixels each tile shares with it's adjacent neighbors.
 * @property {Number} minLevel
 *      The minimum pyramid level this tile source supports or should attempt to load.
 * @property {Number} maxLevel
 *      The maximum pyramid level this tile source supports or should attempt to load.
 */
$.TileSource = function( width, height, tileSize, tileOverlap, minLevel, maxLevel ) {
    var callback = null,
        args = arguments,
        options,
        i;

    if( $.isPlainObject( width ) ){
        options = width;
    }else{
        options = {
            width: args[0],
            height: args[1],
            tileSize: args[2],
            tileOverlap: args[3],
            minLevel: args[4],
            maxLevel: args[5]
        };
    }

    //Tile sources supply some events, namely 'ready' when they must be configured
    //by asyncronously fetching their configuration data.
    $.EventSource.call( this );

    //we allow options to override anything we dont treat as
    //required via idiomatic options or which is functionally
    //set depending on the state of the readiness of this tile
    //source
    $.extend( true, this, options );

    //Any functions that are passed as arguments are bound to the ready callback
    /*jshint loopfunc:true*/
    for ( i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++ ) {
        if ( $.isFunction( arguments[ i ] ) ) {
            callback = arguments[ i ];
            this.addHandler( 'ready', function ( event ) {
                callback( event );
            } );
            //only one callback per constructor
            break;
        }
    }

    if( 'string' == $.type( arguments[ 0 ] ) ){
        //in case the getImageInfo method is overriden and/or implies an
        //async mechanism set some safe defaults first
        this.aspectRatio = 1;
        this.dimensions  = new $.Point( 10, 10 );
        this.tileSize    = 0;
        this.tileOverlap = 0;
        this.minLevel    = 0;
        this.maxLevel    = 0;
        this.ready       = false;
        //configuration via url implies the extending class
        //implements and 'configure'
        this.getImageInfo( arguments[ 0 ] );

    } else {

        //explicit configuration via positional args in constructor
        //or the more idiomatic 'options' object
        this.ready       = true;
        this.aspectRatio = ( options.width && options.height ) ?
            (  options.width / options.height ) : 1;
        this.dimensions  = new $.Point( options.width, options.height );
        this.tileSize    = options.tileSize ? options.tileSize : 0;
        this.tileOverlap = options.tileOverlap ? options.tileOverlap : 0;
        this.minLevel    = options.minLevel ? options.minLevel : 0;
        this.maxLevel    = ( undefined !== options.maxLevel && null !== options.maxLevel ) ?
            options.maxLevel : (
                ( options.width && options.height ) ? Math.ceil(
                    Math.log( Math.max( options.width, options.height ) ) /
                    Math.log( 2 )
                ) : 0
            );
        if( callback && $.isFunction( callback ) ){
            callback( this );
        }
    }


};


$.TileSource.prototype = /** @lends OpenSeadragon.TileSource.prototype */{

    /**
     * @function
     * @param {Number} level
     */
    getLevelScale: function( level ) {

        // see https://github.com/openseadragon/openseadragon/issues/22
        // we use the tilesources implementation of getLevelScale to generate
        // a memoized re-implementation
        var levelScaleCache = {},
            i;
        for( i = 0; i <= this.maxLevel; i++ ){
            levelScaleCache[ i ] = 1 / Math.pow(2, this.maxLevel - i);
        }
        this.getLevelScale = function( _level ){
            return levelScaleCache[ _level ];
        };
        return this.getLevelScale( level );
    },

    /**
     * @function
     * @param {Number} level
     */
    getNumTiles: function( level ) {
        var scale = this.getLevelScale( level ),
            x = Math.ceil( scale * this.dimensions.x / this.tileSize ),
            y = Math.ceil( scale * this.dimensions.y / this.tileSize );

        return new $.Point( x, y );
    },

    /**
     * @function
     * @param {Number} level
     */
    getPixelRatio: function( level ) {
        var imageSizeScaled = this.dimensions.times( this.getLevelScale( level ) ),
            rx = 1.0 / imageSizeScaled.x,
            ry = 1.0 / imageSizeScaled.y;

        return new $.Point(rx, ry);
    },


    /**
     * @function
     * @param {Number} level
     */
    getClosestLevel: function( rect ) {
        var i,
            tilesPerSide = Math.floor( Math.max( rect.x, rect.y ) / this.tileSize ),
            tiles;
        for( i = this.minLevel; i < this.maxLevel; i++ ){
            tiles = this.getNumTiles( i );
            if( Math.max( tiles.x, tiles.y ) + 1 >= tilesPerSide ){
                break;
            }
        }
        return Math.max( 0, i - 1 );
    },

    /**
     * @function
     * @param {Number} level
     * @param {OpenSeadragon.Point} point
     */
    getTileAtPoint: function( level, point ) {
        var pixel = point.times( this.dimensions.x ).times( this.getLevelScale(level ) ),
            tx = Math.floor( pixel.x / this.tileSize ),
            ty = Math.floor( pixel.y / this.tileSize );

        return new $.Point( tx, ty );
    },

    /**
     * @function
     * @param {Number} level
     * @param {Number} x
     * @param {Number} y
     */
    getTileBounds: function( level, x, y ) {
        var dimensionsScaled = this.dimensions.times( this.getLevelScale( level ) ),
            px = ( x === 0 ) ? 0 : this.tileSize * x - this.tileOverlap,
            py = ( y === 0 ) ? 0 : this.tileSize * y - this.tileOverlap,
            sx = this.tileSize + ( x === 0 ? 1 : 2 ) * this.tileOverlap,
            sy = this.tileSize + ( y === 0 ? 1 : 2 ) * this.tileOverlap,
            scale = 1.0 / dimensionsScaled.x;

        sx = Math.min( sx, dimensionsScaled.x - px );
        sy = Math.min( sy, dimensionsScaled.y - py );

        return new $.Rect( px * scale, py * scale, sx * scale, sy * scale );
    },


    /**
     * Responsible for retrieving, and caching the
     * image metadata pertinent to this TileSources implementation.
     * @function
     * @param {String} url
     * @throws {Error}
     */
    getImageInfo: function( url ) {
        var _this = this,
            callbackName,
            callback,
            readySource,
            options,
            urlParts,
            filename,
            lastDot;


        if( url ) {
            urlParts = url.split( '/' );
            filename = urlParts[ urlParts.length - 1 ];
            lastDot  = filename.lastIndexOf( '.' );
            if ( lastDot > -1 ) {
                urlParts[ urlParts.length - 1 ] = filename.slice( 0, lastDot );
            }
        }

        callback = function( data ){
            if( typeof(data) === "string" ) {
                data = $.parseXml( data );
            }
            var $TileSource = $.TileSource.determineType( _this, data, url );
            if ( !$TileSource ) {
                /**
                 * Raised when an error occurs loading a TileSource.
                 *
                 * @event open-failed
                 * @memberof OpenSeadragon.TileSource
                 * @type {object}
                 * @property {OpenSeadragon.TileSource} eventSource - A reference to the TileSource which raised the event.
                 * @property {String} message
                 * @property {String} source
                 * @property {?Object} userData - Arbitrary subscriber-defined object.
                 */
                _this.raiseEvent( 'open-failed', { message: "Unable to load TileSource", source: url } );
                return;
            }

            options = $TileSource.prototype.configure.apply( _this, [ data, url ]);
            readySource = new $TileSource( options );
            _this.ready = true;
            /**
             * Raised when a TileSource is opened and initialized.
             *
             * @event ready
             * @memberof OpenSeadragon.TileSource
             * @type {object}
             * @property {OpenSeadragon.TileSource} eventSource - A reference to the TileSource which raised the event.
             * @property {Object} tileSource
             * @property {?Object} userData - Arbitrary subscriber-defined object.
             */
            _this.raiseEvent( 'ready', { tileSource: readySource } );
        };

        if( url.match(/\.js$/) ){
            //TODO: Its not very flexible to require tile sources to end jsonp
            //      request for info  with a url that ends with '.js' but for
            //      now it's the only way I see to distinguish uniformly.
            callbackName = url.split( '/' ).pop().replace('.js','');
            $.jsonp({
                url: url,
                async: false,
                callbackName: callbackName,
                callback: callback
            });
        } else {
            // request info via xhr asyncronously.
            $.makeAjaxRequest( url, function( xhr ) {
                var data = processResponse( xhr );
                callback( data );
            }, function ( xhr, exc ) {
                var msg;

                /*
                    IE < 10 will block XHR requests to different origins. Any property access on the request
                    object will raise an exception which we'll attempt to handle by formatting the original
                    exception rather than the second one raised when we try to access xhr.status
                 */
                try {
                    msg = "HTTP " + xhr.status + " attempting to load TileSource";
                } catch ( e ) {
                    var formattedExc;
                    if ( typeof( exc ) == "undefined" || !exc.toString ) {
                        formattedExc = "Unknown error";
                    } else {
                        formattedExc = exc.toString();
                    }

                    msg = formattedExc + " attempting to load TileSource";
                }

                /***
                 * Raised when an error occurs loading a TileSource.
                 *
                 * @event open-failed
                 * @memberof OpenSeadragon.TileSource
                 * @type {object}
                 * @property {OpenSeadragon.TileSource} eventSource - A reference to the TileSource which raised the event.
                 * @property {String} message
                 * @property {String} source
                 * @property {?Object} userData - Arbitrary subscriber-defined object.
                 */
                _this.raiseEvent( 'open-failed', {
                    message: msg,
                    source: url
                });
            });
        }

    },

    /**
     * Responsible determining if a the particular TileSource supports the
     * data format ( and allowed to apply logic against the url the data was
     * loaded from, if any ). Overriding implementations are expected to do
     * something smart with data and / or url to determine support.  Also
     * understand that iteration order of TileSources is not guarunteed so
     * please make sure your data or url is expressive enough to ensure a simple
     * and sufficient mechanisim for clear determination.
     * @function
     * @param {String|Object|Array|Document} data
     * @param {String} url - the url the data was loaded
     *      from if any.
     * @return {Boolean}
     */
    supports: function( data, url ) {
        return false;
    },

    /**
     * Responsible for parsing and configuring the
     * image metadata pertinent to this TileSources implementation.
     * This method is not implemented by this class other than to throw an Error
     * announcing you have to implement it.  Because of the variety of tile
     * server technologies, and various specifications for building image
     * pyramids, this method is here to allow easy integration.
     * @function
     * @param {String|Object|Array|Document} data
     * @param {String} url - the url the data was loaded
     *      from if any.
     * @return {Object} options - A dictionary of keyword arguments sufficient
     *      to configure this tile sources constructor.
     * @throws {Error}
     */
    configure: function( data, url ) {
        throw new Error( "Method not implemented." );
    },

    /**
     * Responsible for retriving the url which will return an image for the
     * region speified by the given x, y, and level components.
     * This method is not implemented by this class other than to throw an Error
     * announcing you have to implement it.  Because of the variety of tile
     * server technologies, and various specifications for building image
     * pyramids, this method is here to allow easy integration.
     * @function
     * @param {Number} level
     * @param {Number} x
     * @param {Number} y
     * @throws {Error}
     */
    getTileUrl: function( level, x, y ) {
        throw new Error( "Method not implemented." );
    },

    /**
     * @function
     * @param {Number} level
     * @param {Number} x
     * @param {Number} y
     */
    tileExists: function( level, x, y ) {
        var numTiles = this.getNumTiles( level );
        return  level >= this.minLevel &&
                level <= this.maxLevel &&
                x >= 0 &&
                y >= 0 &&
                x < numTiles.x &&
                y < numTiles.y;
    }
};


$.extend( true, $.TileSource.prototype, $.EventSource.prototype );


/**
 * Decides whether to try to process the response as xml, json, or hand back
 * the text
 * @private
 * @inner
 * @function
 * @param {XMLHttpRequest} xhr - the completed network request
 */
function processResponse( xhr ){
    var responseText = xhr.responseText,
        status       = xhr.status,
        statusText,
        data;

    if ( !xhr ) {
        throw new Error( $.getString( "Errors.Security" ) );
    } else if ( xhr.status !== 200 && xhr.status !== 0 ) {
        status     = xhr.status;
        statusText = ( status == 404 ) ?
            "Not Found" :
            xhr.statusText;
        throw new Error( $.getString( "Errors.Status", status, statusText ) );
    }

    if( responseText.match(/\s*<.*/) ){
        try{
        data = ( xhr.responseXML && xhr.responseXML.documentElement ) ?
            xhr.responseXML :
            $.parseXml( responseText );
        } catch (e){
            data = xhr.responseText;
        }
    }else if( responseText.match(/\s*[\{\[].*/) ){
        /*jshint evil:true*/
        data = eval( '('+responseText+')' );
    }else{
        data = responseText;
    }
    return data;
}


/**
 * Determines the TileSource Implementation by introspection of OpenSeadragon
 * namespace, calling each TileSource implementation of 'isType'
 * @private
 * @inner
 * @function
 * @param {Object|Array|Document} data - the tile source configuration object
 * @param {String} url - the url where the tile source configuration object was
 *      loaded from, if any.
 */
$.TileSource.determineType = function( tileSource, data, url ){
    var property;
    for( property in OpenSeadragon ){
        if( property.match(/.+TileSource$/) &&
            $.isFunction( OpenSeadragon[ property ] ) &&
            $.isFunction( OpenSeadragon[ property ].prototype.supports ) &&
            OpenSeadragon[ property ].prototype.supports.call( tileSource, data, url )
        ){
            return OpenSeadragon[ property ];
        }
    }

    $.console.error( "No TileSource was able to open %s %s", url, data );
};


}( OpenSeadragon ));