/*
 * OpenSeadragon - TileSource
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2009 CodePlex Foundation
 * Copyright (C) 2010-2013 OpenSeadragon contributors
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
 * met:
 *
 * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 *   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * - Neither the name of CodePlex Foundation nor the names of its
 *   contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 *   this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 * TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

(function( $ ){


/**
 * @class TileSource
 * @classdesc The TileSource contains the most basic implementation required to create a
 * smooth transition between layers in an image pyramid. It has only a single key
 * interface that must be implemented to complete its key functionality:
 * 'getTileUrl'.  It also has several optional interfaces that can be
 * implemented if a new TileSource wishes to support configuration via a simple
 * object or array ('configure') and if the tile source supports or requires
 * configuration via retrieval of a document on the network ala AJAX or JSONP,
 * ('getImageInfo').
 * <br/>
 * By default the image pyramid is split into N layers where the image's longest
 * side in M (in pixels), where N is the smallest integer which satisfies
 *      <strong>2^(N+1) >= M</strong>.
 *
 * @memberof OpenSeadragon
 * @extends OpenSeadragon.EventSource
 * @param {Object} options
 *      You can either specify a URL, or literally define the TileSource (by specifying
 *      width, height, tileSize, tileOverlap, minLevel, and maxLevel). For the former,
 *      the extending class is expected to implement 'getImageInfo' and 'configure'.
 *      For the latter, the construction is assumed to occur through
 *      the extending classes implementation of 'configure'.
 * @param {String} [options.url]
 *      The URL for the data necessary for this TileSource.
 * @param {String} [options.referenceStripThumbnailUrl]
 *      The URL for a thumbnail image to be used by the reference strip
 * @param {Function} [options.success]
 *      A function to be called upon successful creation.
 * @param {Boolean} [options.ajaxWithCredentials]
 *      If this TileSource needs to make an AJAX call, this specifies whether to set
 *      the XHR's withCredentials (for accessing secure data).
 * @param {Object} [options.ajaxHeaders]
 *      A set of headers to include in AJAX requests.
 * @param {Number} [options.width]
 *      Width of the source image at max resolution in pixels.
 * @param {Number} [options.height]
 *      Height of the source image at max resolution in pixels.
 * @param {Number} [options.tileSize]
 *      The size of the tiles to assumed to make up each pyramid layer in pixels.
 *      Tile size determines the point at which the image pyramid must be
 *      divided into a matrix of smaller images.
 *      Use options.tileWidth and options.tileHeight to support non-square tiles.
 * @param {Number} [options.tileWidth]
 *      The width of the tiles to assumed to make up each pyramid layer in pixels.
 * @param {Number} [options.tileHeight]
 *      The height of the tiles to assumed to make up each pyramid layer in pixels.
 * @param {Number} [options.tileOverlap]
 *      The number of pixels each tile is expected to overlap touching tiles.
 * @param {Number} [options.minLevel]
 *      The minimum level to attempt to load.
 * @param {Number} [options.maxLevel]
 *      The maximum level to attempt to load.
 */
$.TileSource = function( width, height, tileSize, tileOverlap, minLevel, maxLevel ) {
    var _this = this;

    var args = arguments,
        options,
        i;

    if( $.isPlainObject( width ) ){
        options = width;
    }else{
        options = {
            width: args[0],
            height: args[1],
            tileSize: args[2],
            tileOverlap: args[3],
            minLevel: args[4],
            maxLevel: args[5]
        };
    }

    //Tile sources supply some events, namely 'ready' when they must be configured
    //by asynchronously fetching their configuration data.
    $.EventSource.call( this );

    //we allow options to override anything we don't treat as
    //required via idiomatic options or which is functionally
    //set depending on the state of the readiness of this tile
    //source
    $.extend( true, this, options );

    if (!this.success) {
        //Any functions that are passed as arguments are bound to the ready callback
        for ( i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++ ) {
            if ( $.isFunction( arguments[ i ] ) ) {
                this.success = arguments[ i ];
                //only one callback per constructor
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    if (this.success) {
        this.addHandler( 'ready', function ( event ) {
            _this.success( event );
        } );
    }

    /**
     * Ratio of width to height
     * @member {Number} aspectRatio
     * @memberof OpenSeadragon.TileSource#
     */
    /**
     * Vector storing x and y dimensions ( width and height respectively ).
     * @member {OpenSeadragon.Point} dimensions
     * @memberof OpenSeadragon.TileSource#
     */
    /**
     * The overlap in pixels each tile shares with its adjacent neighbors.
     * @member {Number} tileOverlap
     * @memberof OpenSeadragon.TileSource#
     */
    /**
     * The minimum pyramid level this tile source supports or should attempt to load.
     * @member {Number} minLevel
     * @memberof OpenSeadragon.TileSource#
     */
    /**
     * The maximum pyramid level this tile source supports or should attempt to load.
     * @member {Number} maxLevel
     * @memberof OpenSeadragon.TileSource#
     */
    /**
     *
     * @member {Boolean} ready
     * @memberof OpenSeadragon.TileSource#
     */

    if( 'string' === $.type( arguments[ 0 ] ) ){
        this.url = arguments[0];
    }

    if (this.url) {
        //in case the getImageInfo method is overridden and/or implies an
        //async mechanism set some safe defaults first
        this.aspectRatio = 1;
        this.dimensions  = new $.Point( 10, 10 );
        this._tileWidth  = 0;
        this._tileHeight = 0;
        this.tileOverlap = 0;
        this.minLevel    = 0;
        this.maxLevel    = 0;
        this.ready       = false;
        //configuration via url implies the extending class
        //implements and 'configure'
        this.getImageInfo( this.url );

    } else {

        //explicit configuration via positional args in constructor
        //or the more idiomatic 'options' object
        this.ready       = true;
        this.aspectRatio = (options.width && options.height) ?
            (options.width / options.height) : 1;
        this.dimensions  = new $.Point( options.width, options.height );

        if ( this.tileSize ){
            this._tileWidth = this._tileHeight = this.tileSize;
            delete this.tileSize;
        } else {
            if( this.tileWidth ){
                // We were passed tileWidth in options, but we want to rename it
                // with a leading underscore to make clear that it is not safe to directly modify it
                this._tileWidth = this.tileWidth;
                delete this.tileWidth;
            } else {
                this._tileWidth = 0;
            }

            if( this.tileHeight ){
                // See note above about renaming this.tileWidth
                this._tileHeight = this.tileHeight;
                delete this.tileHeight;
            } else {
                this._tileHeight = 0;
            }
        }

        this.tileOverlap = options.tileOverlap ? options.tileOverlap : 0;
        this.minLevel    = options.minLevel ? options.minLevel : 0;
        this.maxLevel    = ( undefined !== options.maxLevel && null !== options.maxLevel ) ?
            options.maxLevel : (
                ( options.width && options.height ) ? Math.ceil(
                    Math.log( Math.max( options.width, options.height ) ) /
                    Math.log( 2 )
                ) : 0
            );
        if( this.success && $.isFunction( this.success ) ){
            this.success( this );
        }
    }


};

/** @lends OpenSeadragon.TileSource.prototype */
$.TileSource.prototype = {

    getTileSize: function( level ) {
        $.console.error(
            "[TileSource.getTileSize] is deprecated. " +
            "Use TileSource.getTileWidth() and TileSource.getTileHeight() instead"
        );
        return this._tileWidth;
    },

    /**
     * Return the tileWidth for a given level.
     * Subclasses should override this if tileWidth can be different at different levels
     *   such as in IIIFTileSource.  Code should use this function rather than reading
     *   from ._tileWidth directly.
     * @function
     * @param {Number} level
     */
    getTileWidth: function( level ) {
        if (!this._tileWidth) {
            return this.getTileSize(level);
        }
        return this._tileWidth;
    },

    /**
     * Return the tileHeight for a given level.
     * Subclasses should override this if tileHeight can be different at different levels
     *   such as in IIIFTileSource.  Code should use this function rather than reading
     *   from ._tileHeight directly.
     * @function
     * @param {Number} level
     */
    getTileHeight: function( level ) {
        if (!this._tileHeight) {
            return this.getTileSize(level);
        }
        return this._tileHeight;
    },

    /**
     * Set the maxLevel to the given level, and perform the memoization of
     * getLevelScale with the new maxLevel. This function can be useful if the
     * memoization is required before the first call of getLevelScale, or both
     * memoized getLevelScale and maxLevel should be changed accordingly.
     * @function
     * @param {Number} level
     */
    setMaxLevel: function( level ) {
        this.maxLevel = level;
        this._memoizeLevelScale();
    },

    /**
     * @function
     * @param {Number} level
     */
    getLevelScale: function( level ) {
        // if getLevelScale is not memoized, we generate the memoized version
        // at the first call and return the result
        this._memoizeLevelScale();
        return this.getLevelScale( level );
    },

    // private
    _memoizeLevelScale: function() {
        // see https://github.com/openseadragon/openseadragon/issues/22
        // we use the tilesources implementation of getLevelScale to generate
        // a memoized re-implementation
        var levelScaleCache = {},
            i;
        for( i = 0; i <= this.maxLevel; i++ ){
            levelScaleCache[ i ] = 1 / Math.pow(2, this.maxLevel - i);
        }
        this.getLevelScale = function( _level ){
            return levelScaleCache[ _level ];
        };
    },

    /**
     * @function
     * @param {Number} level
     */
    getNumTiles: function( level ) {
        var scale = this.getLevelScale( level ),
            x = Math.ceil( scale * this.dimensions.x / this.getTileWidth(level) ),
            y = Math.ceil( scale * this.dimensions.y / this.getTileHeight(level) );

        return new $.Point( x, y );
    },

    /**
     * @function
     * @param {Number} level
     */
    getPixelRatio: function( level ) {
        var imageSizeScaled = this.dimensions.times( this.getLevelScale( level ) ),
            rx = 1.0 / imageSizeScaled.x * $.pixelDensityRatio,
            ry = 1.0 / imageSizeScaled.y * $.pixelDensityRatio;

        return new $.Point(rx, ry);
    },


    /**
     * @function
     * @returns {Number} The highest level in this tile source that can be contained in a single tile.
     */
    getClosestLevel: function() {
        var i,
            tiles;

        for (i = this.minLevel + 1; i <= this.maxLevel; i++){
            tiles = this.getNumTiles(i);
            if (tiles.x > 1 || tiles.y > 1) {
                break;
            }
        }

        return i - 1;
    },

    /**
     * @function
     * @param {Number} level
     * @param {OpenSeadragon.Point} point
     */
    getTileAtPoint: function(level, point) {
        var validPoint = point.x >= 0 && point.x <= 1 &&
            point.y >= 0 && point.y <= 1 / this.aspectRatio;
        $.console.assert(validPoint, "[TileSource.getTileAtPoint] must be called with a valid point.");

        var widthScaled = this.dimensions.x * this.getLevelScale(level);
        var pixelX = point.x * widthScaled;
        var pixelY = point.y * widthScaled;

        var x = Math.floor(pixelX / this.getTileWidth(level));
        var y = Math.floor(pixelY / this.getTileHeight(level));

        // When point.x == 1 or point.y == 1 / this.aspectRatio we want to
        // return the last tile of the row/column
        if (point.x >= 1) {
            x = this.getNumTiles(level).x - 1;
        }
        var EPSILON = 1e-15;
        if (point.y >= 1 / this.aspectRatio - EPSILON) {
            y = this.getNumTiles(level).y - 1;
        }

        return new $.Point(x, y);
    },

    /**
     * @function
     * @param {Number} level
     * @param {Number} x
     * @param {Number} y
     * @param {Boolean} [isSource=false] Whether to return the source bounds of the tile.
     * @returns {OpenSeadragon.Rect} Either where this tile fits (in normalized coordinates) or the
     * portion of the tile to use as the source of the drawing operation (in pixels), depending on
     * the isSource parameter.
     */
    getTileBounds: function( level, x, y, isSource ) {
        var dimensionsScaled = this.dimensions.times( this.getLevelScale( level ) ),
            tileWidth = this.getTileWidth(level),
            tileHeight = this.getTileHeight(level),
            px = ( x === 0 ) ? 0 : tileWidth * x - this.tileOverlap,
            py = ( y === 0 ) ? 0 : tileHeight * y - this.tileOverlap,
            sx = tileWidth + ( x === 0 ? 1 : 2 ) * this.tileOverlap,
            sy = tileHeight + ( y === 0 ? 1 : 2 ) * this.tileOverlap,
            scale = 1.0 / dimensionsScaled.x;

        sx = Math.min( sx, dimensionsScaled.x - px );
        sy = Math.min( sy, dimensionsScaled.y - py );

        if (isSource) {
            return new $.Rect(0, 0, sx, sy);
        }

        return new $.Rect( px * scale, py * scale, sx * scale, sy * scale );
    },


    /**
     * Responsible for retrieving, and caching the
     * image metadata pertinent to this TileSources implementation.
     * @function
     * @param {String} url
     * @throws {Error}
     */
    getImageInfo: function( url ) {
        var _this = this,
            callbackName,
            callback,
            readySource,
            options,
            urlParts,
            filename,
            lastDot;


        if( url ) {
            urlParts = url.split( '/' );
            filename = urlParts[ urlParts.length - 1 ];
            lastDot  = filename.lastIndexOf( '.' );
            if ( lastDot > -1 ) {
                urlParts[ urlParts.length - 1 ] = filename.slice( 0, lastDot );
            }
        }

        var postData = null;
        var hashIdx = url.indexOf("#");
        if (hashIdx !== -1) {
            postData = url.substring(hashIdx + 1);
            url = url.substr(0, hashIdx - 1);
        }

        callback = function( data ){
            if( typeof (data) === "string" ) {
                data = $.parseXml( data );
            }
            var $TileSource = $.TileSource.determineType( _this, data, url );
            if ( !$TileSource ) {
                /**
                 * Raised when an error occurs loading a TileSource.
                 *
                 * @event open-failed
                 * @memberof OpenSeadragon.TileSource
                 * @type {object}
                 * @property {OpenSeadragon.TileSource} eventSource - A reference to the TileSource which raised the event.
                 * @property {String} message
                 * @property {String} source
                 * @property {?Object} userData - Arbitrary subscriber-defined object.
                 */
                _this.raiseEvent( 'open-failed', { message: "Unable to load TileSource", source: url } );
                return;
            }

            options = $TileSource.prototype.configure.apply( _this, [ data, url, postData ]);
            if (options.ajaxWithCredentials === undefined) {
                options.ajaxWithCredentials = _this.ajaxWithCredentials;
            }

            readySource = new $TileSource( options );
            _this.ready = true;
            /**
             * Raised when a TileSource is opened and initialized.
             *
             * @event ready
             * @memberof OpenSeadragon.TileSource
             * @type {object}
             * @property {OpenSeadragon.TileSource} eventSource - A reference to the TileSource which raised the event.
             * @property {Object} tileSource
             * @property {?Object} userData - Arbitrary subscriber-defined object.
             */
            _this.raiseEvent( 'ready', { tileSource: readySource } );
        };

        if( url.match(/\.js$/) ){
            //TODO: Its not very flexible to require tile sources to end jsonp
            //      request for info  with a url that ends with '.js' but for
            //      now it's the only way I see to distinguish uniformly.
            callbackName = url.split('/').pop().replace('.js', '');
            $.jsonp({
                url: url,
                async: false,
                callbackName: callbackName,
                callback: callback
            });
        } else {
            // request info via xhr asynchronously.
            $.makeAjaxRequest( {
                url: url,
                postData: postData,
                withCredentials: this.ajaxWithCredentials,
                headers: this.ajaxHeaders,
                success: function( xhr ) {
                    var data = processResponse( xhr );
                    callback( data );
                },
                error: function ( xhr, exc ) {
                    var msg;

                    /*
                        IE < 10 will block XHR requests to different origins. Any property access on the request
                        object will raise an exception which we'll attempt to handle by formatting the original
                        exception rather than the second one raised when we try to access xhr.status
                     */
                    try {
                        msg = "HTTP " + xhr.status + " attempting to load TileSource";
                    } catch ( e ) {
                        var formattedExc;
                        if ( typeof ( exc ) === "undefined" || !exc.toString ) {
                            formattedExc = "Unknown error";
                        } else {
                            formattedExc = exc.toString();
                        }

                        msg = formattedExc + " attempting to load TileSource";
                    }

                    /***
                     * Raised when an error occurs loading a TileSource.
                     *
                     * @event open-failed
                     * @memberof OpenSeadragon.TileSource
                     * @type {object}
                     * @property {OpenSeadragon.TileSource} eventSource - A reference to the TileSource which raised the event.
                     * @property {String} message
                     * @property {String} source
                     * @property {?Object} userData - Arbitrary subscriber-defined object.
                     */
                    _this.raiseEvent( 'open-failed', {
                        message: msg,
                        source: url
                    });
                }
            });
        }

    },

    /**
     * Responsible determining if a the particular TileSource supports the
     * data format ( and allowed to apply logic against the url the data was
     * loaded from, if any ). Overriding implementations are expected to do
     * something smart with data and / or url to determine support.  Also
     * understand that iteration order of TileSources is not guarunteed so
     * please make sure your data or url is expressive enough to ensure a simple
     * and sufficient mechanisim for clear determination.
     * @function
     * @param {String|Object|Array|Document} data
     * @param {String} url - the url the data was loaded
     *      from if any.
     * @return {Boolean}
     */
    supports: function( data, url ) {
        return false;
    },

    /**
     * Responsible for parsing and configuring the
     * image metadata pertinent to this TileSources implementation.
     * This method is not implemented by this class other than to throw an Error
     * announcing you have to implement it.  Because of the variety of tile
     * server technologies, and various specifications for building image
     * pyramids, this method is here to allow easy integration.
     * @function
     * @param {String|Object|Array|Document} data
     * @param {String} url - the url the data was loaded
     *      from if any.
     * @param {String} postData value obtained from the url after '#' sign or null
     * @return {Object} options - A dictionary of keyword arguments sufficient
     *      to configure this tile sources constructor.
     * @throws {Error}
     */
    configure: function( data, url, postData ) {
        throw new Error( "Method not implemented." );
    },

    /**
     * Responsible for retrieving the url which will return an image for the
     * region specified by the given x, y, and level components.
     * This method is not implemented by this class other than to throw an Error
     * announcing you have to implement it.  Because of the variety of tile
     * server technologies, and various specifications for building image
     * pyramids, this method is here to allow easy integration.
     * @function
     * @param {Number} level
     * @param {Number} x
     * @param {Number} y
     * @throws {Error}
     */
    getTileUrl: function( level, x, y ) {
        throw new Error( "Method not implemented." );
    },

    /**
     * Must use AJAX in order to work, i.e. loadTilesWithAjax = true is set.
     * It should return url-encoded string with the following structure:
     *   key=value&key2=value2...
     * or null in case GET is used instead.
     * @param level
     * @param x
     * @param y
     * @return {string || null} post data to send with tile configuration request
     */
    getTilePostData: function( level, x, y ) {
        return null;
    },

    /**
     * Responsible for retrieving the headers which will be attached to the image request for the
     * region specified by the given x, y, and level components.
     * This option is only relevant if {@link OpenSeadragon.Options}.loadTilesWithAjax is set to true.
     * The headers returned here will override headers specified at the Viewer or TiledImage level.
     * Specifying a falsy value for a header will clear its existing value set at the Viewer or
     * TiledImage level (if any).
     * @function
     * @param {Number} level
     * @param {Number} x
     * @param {Number} y
     * @returns {Object}
     */
    getTileAjaxHeaders: function( level, x, y ) {
        return {};
    },

    /**
     * @function
     * @param {Number} level
     * @param {Number} x
     * @param {Number} y
     */
    tileExists: function( level, x, y ) {
        var numTiles = this.getNumTiles( level );
        return level >= this.minLevel &&
               level <= this.maxLevel &&
               x >= 0 &&
               y >= 0 &&
               x < numTiles.x &&
               y < numTiles.y;
    }
};


$.extend( true, $.TileSource.prototype, $.EventSource.prototype );


/**
 * Decides whether to try to process the response as xml, json, or hand back
 * the text
 * @private
 * @inner
 * @function
 * @param {XMLHttpRequest} xhr - the completed network request
 */
function processResponse( xhr ){
    var responseText = xhr.responseText,
        status       = xhr.status,
        statusText,
        data;

    if ( !xhr ) {
        throw new Error( $.getString( "Errors.Security" ) );
    } else if ( xhr.status !== 200 && xhr.status !== 0 ) {
        status     = xhr.status;
        statusText = ( status === 404 ) ?
            "Not Found" :
            xhr.statusText;
        throw new Error( $.getString( "Errors.Status", status, statusText ) );
    }

    if( responseText.match(/\s*<.*/) ){
        try{
        data = ( xhr.responseXML && xhr.responseXML.documentElement ) ?
            xhr.responseXML :
            $.parseXml( responseText );
        } catch (e){
            data = xhr.responseText;
        }
    }else if( responseText.match(/\s*[{[].*/) ){
        try{
          data = $.parseJSON(responseText);
        } catch(e){
          data =  responseText;
        }
    }else{
        data = responseText;
    }
    return data;
}


/**
 * Determines the TileSource Implementation by introspection of OpenSeadragon
 * namespace, calling each TileSource implementation of 'isType'
 * @private
 * @inner
 * @function
 * @param {Object|Array|Document} data - the tile source configuration object
 * @param {String} url - the url where the tile source configuration object was
 *      loaded from, if any.
 */
$.TileSource.determineType = function( tileSource, data, url ){
    var property;
    for( property in OpenSeadragon ){
        if( property.match(/.+TileSource$/) &&
            $.isFunction( OpenSeadragon[ property ] ) &&
            $.isFunction( OpenSeadragon[ property ].prototype.supports ) &&
            OpenSeadragon[ property ].prototype.supports.call( tileSource, data, url )
        ){
            return OpenSeadragon[ property ];
        }
    }

    $.console.error( "No TileSource was able to open %s %s", url, data );

    return null;
};


}( OpenSeadragon ));