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1063 lines
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<!DOCTYPE HTML>
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<title>Singleton · GitBook</title>
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<body>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1" data-path="../">
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<a href="../">
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Go Patterns
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.1" data-path="../">
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<a href="../#creational-patterns">
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Creational Patterns
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.1.1" data-path="abstract_factory.md">
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<span>
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Abstract Factory
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Builder
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.1.3" data-path="factory.html">
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<a href="factory.html">
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Factory Method
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</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.1.4" data-path="object-pool.html">
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<a href="object-pool.html">
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Object Pool
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter active" data-level="1.1.1.5" data-path="singleton.html">
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<a href="singleton.html">
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Singleton
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</a>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.2" data-path="../">
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<a href="../#structural-patterns">
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Structural Patterns
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.2.1" data-path="../structural/bridge.md">
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<span>
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Bridge
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.2.2" data-path="../structural/composite.md">
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<span>
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Composite
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.2.3" data-path="../structural/decorator.html">
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<a href="../structural/decorator.html">
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Decorator
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.2.4" data-path="../structural/facade.md">
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<span>
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Facade
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.2.5" data-path="../structural/flyweight.md">
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<span>
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Flyweight
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.2.6" data-path="../structural/proxy.md">
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<span>
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Proxy
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.3" data-path="../">
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<a href="../#behavioral-patterns">
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Behavioral Patterns
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.3.1" data-path="../behavioral/chain_of_responsibility.md">
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<span>
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Chain of Responsibility
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.3.2" data-path="../behavioral/command.md">
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<span>
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Command
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.3.3" data-path="../behavioral/mediator.md">
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<span>
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Mediator
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.3.4" data-path="../behavioral/memento.md">
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<span>
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Memento
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.3.5" data-path="../behavioral/observer.html">
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<a href="../behavioral/observer.html">
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Observer
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.3.6" data-path="../behavioral/registry.md">
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<span>
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Registry
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.3.7" data-path="../behavioral/state.md">
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<span>
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State
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.3.8" data-path="../behavioral/strategy.html">
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<a href="../behavioral/strategy.html">
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Strategy
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</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.3.9" data-path="../behavioral/template.md">
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<span>
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Template
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.3.10" data-path="../behavioral/visitor.md">
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<span>
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Visitor
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.4" data-path="../">
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<a href="../#synchronization-patterns">
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Synchronization Patterns
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.4.1" data-path="../synchronization/condition_variable.md">
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<span>
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Condition Variable
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.4.2" data-path="../synchronization/mutex.md">
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<span>
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Lock/Mutex
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.4.3" data-path="../synchronization/monitor.md">
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<span>
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Monitor
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.4.4" data-path="../synchronization/read_write_lock.md">
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<span>
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Read-Write Lock
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</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.4.5" data-path="../synchronization/semaphore.html">
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<a href="../synchronization/semaphore.html">
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Semaphore
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</a>
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||
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</li>
|
||
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||
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|
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|
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</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.5" data-path="../">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../#concurrency-patterns">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Concurrency Patterns
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.5.1" data-path="../concurrency/barrier.md">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
N-Barrier
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.5.2" data-path="../concurrency/bounded_parallelism.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../concurrency/bounded_parallelism.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Bounded Parallelism
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.5.3" data-path="../concurrency/broadcast.md">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Broadcast
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.5.4" data-path="../concurrency/coroutine.md">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Coroutines
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.5.5" data-path="../concurrency/generator.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../concurrency/generator.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Generators
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.5.6" data-path="../concurrency/reactor.md">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Reactor
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.5.7" data-path="../concurrency/parallelism.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../concurrency/parallelism.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Parallelism
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.5.8" data-path="../concurrency/producer_consumer.md">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Producer Consumer
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.6" data-path="../">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../#messaging-patterns">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Messaging Patterns
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.6.1" data-path="../messaging/fan_in.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../messaging/fan_in.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Fan-In
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.6.2" data-path="../messaging/fan_out.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../messaging/fan_out.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Fan-Out
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.6.3" data-path="../messaging/futures_promises.md">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Futures & Promises
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.6.4" data-path="../messaging/publish_subscribe.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../messaging/publish_subscribe.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Publish/Subscribe
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.6.5" data-path="../messaging/push_pull.md">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Push & Pull
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.7" data-path="../">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../#stability-patterns">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Stability Patterns
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.7.1" data-path="../stability/bulkhead.md">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Bulkheads
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.7.2" data-path="../stability/circuit-breaker.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../stability/circuit-breaker.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Circuit-Breaker
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.7.3" data-path="../stability/deadline.md">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Deadline
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.7.4" data-path="../stability/fail_fast.md">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Fail-Fast
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.7.5" data-path="../stability/handshaking.md">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Handshaking
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.7.6" data-path="../stability/steady_state.md">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Steady-State
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.8" data-path="../">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../#profiling-patterns">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Profiling Patterns
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.8.1" data-path="../profiling/timing.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../profiling/timing.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Timing Functions
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.9" data-path="../">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../#idioms">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Idioms
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.9.1" data-path="../idiom/functional-options.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../idiom/functional-options.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Functional Options
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.10" data-path="../">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../#anti-patterns">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Anti-Patterns
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1.10.1" data-path="../anti-patterns/cascading_failures.md">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Cascading Failures
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2" data-path="../CONTRIBUTING.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../CONTRIBUTING.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Contributing
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="divider"></li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li>
|
||
|
|
<a href="https://www.gitbook.com" target="blank" class="gitbook-link">
|
||
|
|
Published with GitBook
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</nav>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<div class="book-body">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<div class="body-inner">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<div class="book-header" role="navigation">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<!-- Title -->
|
||
|
|
<h1>
|
||
|
|
<i class="fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin"></i>
|
||
|
|
<a href=".." >Singleton</a>
|
||
|
|
</h1>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<div class="page-wrapper" tabindex="-1" role="main">
|
||
|
|
<div class="page-inner">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<section class="normal markdown-section">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<h1 id="singleton-pattern">Singleton Pattern</h1>
|
||
|
|
<p>Singleton creational design pattern restricts the instantiation of a type to a single object.</p>
|
||
|
|
<h2 id="implementation">Implementation</h2>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-go"><span class="hljs-keyword">package</span> singleton
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-keyword">type</span> singleton <span class="hljs-keyword">map</span>[<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>]<span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> (
|
||
|
|
once sync.Once
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
instance singleton
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> New() singleton {
|
||
|
|
once.Do(<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span>() {
|
||
|
|
instance = <span class="hljs-built_in">make</span>(singleton)
|
||
|
|
})
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> instance
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<h2 id="usage">Usage</h2>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-go">s := singleton.New()
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
s[<span class="hljs-string">"this"</span>] = <span class="hljs-string">"that"</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
s2 := singleton.New()
|
||
|
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fmt.Println(<span class="hljs-string">"This is "</span>, s2[<span class="hljs-string">"this"</span>])
|
||
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<span class="hljs-comment">// This is that</span>
|
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|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
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<h2 id="rules-of-thumb">Rules of Thumb</h2>
|
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<ul>
|
||
|
|
<li>Singleton pattern represents a global state and most of the time reduces testability.</li>
|
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</ul>
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</section>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<a href="object-pool.html" class="navigation navigation-prev " aria-label="Previous page: Object Pool">
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<i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i>
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</a>
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<a href="../#structural-patterns" class="navigation navigation-next " aria-label="Next page: Structural Patterns">
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<i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i>
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</a>
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</div>
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||
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<script>
|
||
|
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var gitbook = gitbook || [];
|
||
|
|
gitbook.push(function() {
|
||
|
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gitbook.page.hasChanged({"page":{"title":"Singleton","level":"1.1.1.5","depth":3,"next":{"title":"Structural Patterns","level":"1.1.2","depth":2,"anchor":"#structural-patterns","path":"README.md","ref":"README.md#structural-patterns","articles":[{"title":"Bridge","level":"1.1.2.1","depth":3,"path":"structural/bridge.md","ref":"structural/bridge.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Composite","level":"1.1.2.2","depth":3,"path":"structural/composite.md","ref":"structural/composite.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Decorator","level":"1.1.2.3","depth":3,"path":"structural/decorator.md","ref":"structural/decorator.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Facade","level":"1.1.2.4","depth":3,"path":"structural/facade.md","ref":"structural/facade.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Flyweight","level":"1.1.2.5","depth":3,"path":"structural/flyweight.md","ref":"structural/flyweight.md","articles":[]},{"title":"Proxy","level":"1.1.2.6","depth":3,"path":"structural/proxy.md","ref":"structural/proxy.md","articles":[]}]},"previous":{"title":"Object Pool","level":"1.1.1.4","depth":3,"path":"creational/object-pool.md","ref":"creational/object-pool.md","articles":[]},"dir":"ltr"},"config":{"gitbook":"*","theme":"default","variables":{},"plugins":["-search","-lunr","github","edit-link"],"pluginsConfig":{"github":{"url":"https://github.com/tmrts/go-patterns"},"edit-link":{"label":"","base":"https://github.com/tmrts/go-patterns/edit/master/"},"highlight":{},"sharing":{"facebook":true,"twitter":true,"google":false,"weibo":false,"instapaper":false,"vk":false,"all":["facebook","google","twitter","weibo","instapaper"]},"fontsettings":{"theme":"white","family":"sans","size":2},"theme-default":{"styles":{"website":"styles/website.css","pdf":"styles/pdf.css","epub":"styles/epub.css","mobi":"styles/mobi.css","ebook":"styles/ebook.css","print":"styles/print.css"},"showLevel":false}},"structure":{"langs":"LANGS.md","readme":"README.md","glossary":"GLOSSARY.md","summary":"SUMMARY.md"},"pdf":{"pageNumbers":true,"fontSize":12,"fontFamily":"Arial","paperSize":"a4","chapterMark":"pagebreak","pageBreaksBefore":"/","margin":{"right":62,"left":62,"top":56,"bottom":56}},"styles":{"website":"styles/website.css","pdf":"styles/pdf.css","epub":"styles/epub.css","mobi":"styles/mobi.css","ebook":"styles/ebook.css","print":"styles/print.css"}},"file":{"path":"creational/singleton.md","mtime":"2017-05-01T12:22:21.000Z","type":"markdown"},"gitbook":{"version":"3.2.2","time":"2017-05-01T12:23:41.783Z"},"basePath":"..","book":{"language":""}});
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});
|
||
|
|
</script>
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</div>
|
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<script src="../gitbook/gitbook.js"></script>
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<script src="../gitbook/theme.js"></script>
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</body>
|
||
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</html>
|
||
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