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finish bridge pattern
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# 桥接模式
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桥接模式分离抽象部分和实现部分。使得两部分独立扩展。
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桥接模式类似于策略模式,原因在于他们都将行为交给了另一个接口实现,再组合实现完整功能/流程/业务.
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桥接模式类似于策略模式,原因在于他们都将行为交给了另一个接口实现,再组合实现
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区别在于策略模式封装一系列算法使得算法可以互相替换,关键点在于可以动态替换,但是桥接模式的特点是,一旦组合运行时一般不会发生变化.
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区别在于策略模式封装一系列算法/方法/功能/使得他们可以互相替换,关键点在于策略模式的实现方法可以动态替换,但是桥接模式的特点是,一旦组合运行时一般不会发生变化.
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桥接模式的变化点在于调用方是变化的.
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在策略模式的例子中,银行就一个,但是储户类型是多个,银行需要为不同类型的用户服务,银行有同一个规则流程和处理方法,但是不同的用户对相同处理过程的响应和处理不一样。
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在桥接模式中,消息类型是多个,转给不同的处理对象.
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演示1个例子,场景如下:
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对于Web应用系统,当平台后端收到消息并需要推送的时候,常见有四种选择:
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1、通过第三方的的Internet通道,离线推送到手机,通知用户
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2、通过邮件通知到用户
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3、通过在线的长连接进行websocket推送
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4、通过手机4G/5G的短信通道通知到用户
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选择其中的二三两类进行演示
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@ -2,58 +2,78 @@ package bridge
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import "fmt"
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type AbstractMessage interface {
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SendMessage(text, to string)
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//IMessage 发送消息接口
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type IMessage interface {
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NoticeUser(text string)
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Priority() int
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}
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type MessageImplementer interface {
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Send(text, to string)
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//ISMSMessage send SMS MSG
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type ISMSMessage interface {
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//延迟接口的实现到其他类中
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NoticeUser(text string, noticeMessage IMessage)
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}
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type MessageSMS struct{}
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func ViaSMS() MessageImplementer {
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return &MessageSMS{}
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//WSMessage MSG
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type WSMessage struct {
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Handler ISMSMessage //持有进一步实现的引用关系
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Level int
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}
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func (*MessageSMS) Send(text, to string) {
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fmt.Printf("send %s to %s via SMS", text, to)
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}
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type MessageEmail struct{}
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func ViaEmail() MessageImplementer {
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return &MessageEmail{}
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}
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func (*MessageEmail) Send(text, to string) {
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fmt.Printf("send %s to %s via Email", text, to)
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}
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type CommonMessage struct {
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method MessageImplementer
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}
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func NewCommonMessage(method MessageImplementer) *CommonMessage {
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return &CommonMessage{
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method: method,
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//NoticeUser by SMS
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func (w *WSMessage) NoticeUser(text string) {
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//转递消息给其他对象,相当于承上启下
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fmt.Println("Websocket Notice User...", text)
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//转递消息给其他对象,相当于承上启下,并且需要把上下文变量传递下去
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if w.Handler != nil {
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w.Handler.NoticeUser(text, w)
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}
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}
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func (m *CommonMessage) SendMessage(text, to string) {
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m.method.Send(text, to)
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//Priority of SMS
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func (w *WSMessage) Priority() int {
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return w.Level
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}
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type UrgencyMessage struct {
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method MessageImplementer
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//EmailMessage MSG
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type EmailMessage struct {
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Handler ISMSMessage
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Level int
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}
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func NewUrgencyMessage(method MessageImplementer) *UrgencyMessage {
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return &UrgencyMessage{
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method: method,
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//NoticeUser by SMS
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func (e *EmailMessage) NoticeUser(text string) {
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//转递消息给其他对象,相当于承上启下,并且需要把上下文变量传递下去
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fmt.Println("Email Notice User...", text)
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if e.Handler != nil {
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e.Handler.NoticeUser(text, e)
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}
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}
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func (m *UrgencyMessage) SendMessage(text, to string) {
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m.method.Send(fmt.Sprintf("[Urgency] %s", text), to)
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//Priority of SMS
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func (e *EmailMessage) Priority() int {
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return e.Level
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}
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///需要实现具体的消息发送行为
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//EmergencyWSMessage 紧急的短信消息
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type EmergencyWSMessage struct {
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}
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//NoticeUser by email
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func (e *EmergencyWSMessage) NoticeUser(text string, noticeMessage IMessage) {
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fmt.Println("Notice User", text, " By Websocket:", "with Level: ", noticeMessage.Priority())
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}
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//EmergencyEmailMessage 紧急的短信消息
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type EmergencyEmailMessage struct {
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}
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//NoticeUser by email
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func (e *EmergencyEmailMessage) NoticeUser(text string, noticeMessage IMessage) {
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fmt.Println("Notice User:", text, " By Email:", "with Level: ", noticeMessage.Priority())
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}
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package bridge
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func ExampleCommonSMS() {
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m := NewCommonMessage(ViaSMS())
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m.SendMessage("have a drink?", "bob")
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// Output:
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// send have a drink? to bob via SMS
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}
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import "testing"
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func ExampleCommonEmail() {
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m := NewCommonMessage(ViaEmail())
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m.SendMessage("have a drink?", "bob")
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// Output:
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// send have a drink? to bob via Email
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}
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func TestSendMessage(t *testing.T) {
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func ExampleUrgencySMS() {
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m := NewUrgencyMessage(ViaSMS())
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m.SendMessage("have a drink?", "bob")
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// Output:
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// send [Urgency] have a drink? to bob via SMS
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}
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//注意看这里,接口的实例关系在初始化时候是固定的
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ws := &WSMessage{&EmergencyWSMessage{}, 100}
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func ExampleUrgencyEmail() {
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m := NewUrgencyMessage(ViaEmail())
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m.SendMessage("have a drink?", "bob")
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// Output:
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// send [Urgency] have a drink? to bob via Email
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//注意看这里,接口的实例关系在初始化时候是固定的
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email := &EmailMessage{&EmergencyEmailMessage{}, 10}
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ws.NoticeUser("Miss White ,Let's Drink")
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email.NoticeUser("Miss White,Fire!,Fire!")
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ews := &EmergencyWSMessage{}
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eem := &EmergencyEmailMessage{}
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list := []IMessage{
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&WSMessage{ews, 50},
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&WSMessage{ews, 100},
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&EmailMessage{eem, 10},
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&EmailMessage{eem, 20},
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}
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for _, v := range list {
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v.NoticeUser("Let’s go for fun")
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}
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}
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