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<a class="" href="../getting-started/">Getting Started</a>
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<span class="caption-text">Type System</span>
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<a class="current" href="./">Introduction</a>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a href="#type-system">Type System</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a href="#type-definition-styles">Type Definition Styles</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a href="#type-registry">Type Registry</a></li>
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<a class="" href="object-types/">Object Types</a>
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<a class="" href="scalar-types/">Scalar Types</a>
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<a class="" href="enum-types/">Enumeration Types</a>
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<a class="" href="lists-and-nonnulls/">Lists and Non-Null</a>
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<a class="" href="unions/">Unions</a>
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<a class="" href="../data-fetching/">Fetching Data</a>
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<h1 id="type-system">Type System</h1>
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<p>To start using GraphQL you are expected to implement a type hierarchy and expose it as <a href="../type-system/schema/">Schema</a>. </p>
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<p>In <strong>graphql-php</strong> <code>type</code> is an instance of internal class from
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<code>GraphQL\Type\Definition</code> namespace: <code>ScalarType</code>, <code>ObjectType</code>, <code>InterfaceType</code>,
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<code>UnionType</code>, <code>InputObjectType</code> (or one of it's subclasses).</p>
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<p>But most of the types in your schema will be <a href="../type-system/object-types/">object types</a>.</p>
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<h1 id="type-definition-styles">Type Definition Styles</h1>
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<p>Several styles of type definitions are supported depending on your preferences.</p>
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<p>Inline definitions:</p>
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<pre><code class="php"><?php
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namespace MyApp;
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use GraphQL\Type\Definition\ObjectType;
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use GraphQL\Type\Definition\Type;
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$myType = new ObjectType([
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'name' => 'MyType',
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'fields' => [
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'id' => Type::id()
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]
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]);
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</code></pre>
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<p>Class per type:</p>
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<pre><code class="php"><?php
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namespace MyApp;
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use GraphQL\Type\Definition\ObjectType;
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use GraphQL\Type\Definition\Type;
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class MyType extends ObjectType
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{
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public function __construct()
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{
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$config = [
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// Note: 'name' is not needed in this form:
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// it will be inferred from class name by omitting namespace and dropping "Type" suffix
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'fields' => [
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'id' => Type::id()
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]
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];
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parent::__construct($config);
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}
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}
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</code></pre>
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<p>You can also mix-and-match styles for convenience. For example:</p>
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<pre><code class="php"><?php
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namespace MyApp;
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use GraphQL\Type\Definition\ObjectType;
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use GraphQL\Type\Definition\Type;
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class BlogPostType extends ObjectType
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{
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public function __construct()
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{
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$config = [
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'fields' => [
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'body' => new ObjectType([
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'name' => 'BlogPostBody',
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'fields' => [
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'html' => Type::string(),
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'text' => Type::string(),
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]
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])
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]
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];
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parent::__construct($config);
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}
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}
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</code></pre>
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<h1 id="type-registry">Type Registry</h1>
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<p>Every type must be presented in Schema by single instance (<strong>graphql-php</strong>
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throws when it discovers several instances with the same <code>name</code> in schema).</p>
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<p>Therefore if you define your type as separate PHP class you must ensure that only one
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instance of that class is added to schema.</p>
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<p>Typical way to do this is to create registry of your types:</p>
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<pre><code class="php"><?php
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namespace MyApp;
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class TypeRegistry
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{
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private $myAType;
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private $myBType;
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public function myAType()
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{
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return $this->myAType ?: ($this->myAType = new MyAType($this));
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}
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public function myBType()
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{
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return $this->myBType ?: ($this->myBType = new MyBType($this));
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}
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}
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</code></pre>
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<p>And use this registry in type definition:</p>
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<pre><code class="php"><?php
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namespace MyApp;
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use GraphQL\Type\Definition\ObjectType;
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class MyAType extends ObjectType
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{
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public function __construct(TypeRegistry $types)
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{
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parent::__construct([
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'fields' => [
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'b' => $types->myBType()
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]
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]);
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}
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}
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</code></pre>
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<p>Obviously you can automate this registry as you wish to reduce boilerplate or even
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introduce Dependency Injection Container if your types have other dependencies.</p>
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<p>Alternatively all methods of registry could be static if you prefer - then there is no need
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to pass it in constructor - instead just use use <code>TypeRegistry::myAType()</code> in your type definitions.</p>
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