Merge pull request #142 from symm/shorthand-docs

Add example for building schema from IDL

examples/02-shorthand/README.md

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+# Parsing GraphQL IDL shorthand
+
+Same as the Hello world example but shows how to build GraphQL schema from shorthand 
+and wire up some resolvers
+
+### Run locally
+```
+php -S localhost:8080 ./graphql.php
+```
+
+### Try query
+```
+curl http://localhost:8080 -d '{"query": "query { echo(message: \"Hello World\") }" }'
+```
+
+### Try mutation
+```
+curl http://localhost:8080 -d '{"query": "mutation { sum(x: 2, y: 2) }" }'
+```

examples/02-shorthand/graphql.php

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+<?php
+// Test this using following command
+// php -S localhost:8080 ./graphql.php &
+// curl http://localhost:8080 -d '{"query": "query { echo(message: \"Hello World\") }" }'
+// curl http://localhost:8080 -d '{"query": "mutation { sum(x: 2, y: 2) }" }'
+require_once __DIR__ . '/../../vendor/autoload.php';
+
+use GraphQL\GraphQL;
+use GraphQL\Utils\BuildSchema;
+
+try {
+
+    $schema = BuildSchema::build(file_get_contents(__DIR__ . '/schema.graphqls'));
+    $rootValue = include __DIR__ . '/rootvalue.php';
+
+    $rawInput = file_get_contents('php://input');
+    $input = json_decode($rawInput, true);
+    $query = $input['query'];
+    $variableValues = isset($input['variables']) ? $input['variables'] : null;
+
+    $result = GraphQL::execute($schema, $query, $rootValue, null, $variableValues);
+} catch (\Exception $e) {
+    $result = [
+        'error' => [
+            'message' => $e->getMessage()
+        ]
+    ];
+}
+header('Content-Type: application/json; charset=UTF-8');
+echo json_encode($result);
+

examples/02-shorthand/rootvalue.php

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+<?php
+
+interface Resolver {
+    public function resolve($root, $args, $context);
+}
+
+class Addition implements Resolver
+{
+    public function resolve($root, $args, $context)
+    {
+        return $args['x'] + $args['y'];
+    }
+}
+
+class Echoer implements Resolver
+{
+    public function resolve($root, $args, $context)
+    {
+        return $root['prefix'].$args['message'];
+    }
+}
+
+return [
+    'sum' => function($root, $args, $context) {
+        $sum = new Addition();
+
+        return $sum->resolve($root, $args, $context);
+    },
+    'echo' => function($root, $args, $context) {
+        $echo = new Echoer();
+
+        return $echo->resolve($root, $args, $context);
+    },
+    'prefix' => 'You said: ',
+];

examples/02-shorthand/schema.graphqls

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+schema {
+  query: Query
+  mutation: Calc
+}
+
+type Calc {
+  sum(x: Int, y: Int): Int
+}
+
+type Query {
+  echo(message: String): String
+}
+